Five Islanders and Their Conditionals
Five islanders A, B, C, D and E are each a knight (always truthful) or a knave (always lying). Each makes one statement, read as an ordinary "if ... then ..." claim (it is false only when the first part is true and the second part false): - A: "If B is a knight, then I am a knave." - B: "If C is a knight, then E is a knight." - C: "If E is a knight, then A is a knight." - D: "If I am a knave, then B is a knight." - E: "If I am a knave, then D is a knight." How many of the five are knaves? Give a single integer.
Related problems & prerequisites
Worth solving first
- The Alternator Speaks Thrice 6.0/10
- The Spy Who Claimed to Be a Spy 5.9/10
Source: Original puzzle in the knights-and-knaves tradition; conditional statements are classical in Smullyan's collections. Statement written for AxiomIQ.